Skip to main content
Northwestern Medicine
Skip to content
Utility navigation
Home
MyNM Patient Portal
Careers
Pay a Bill
Financial Assistance
For Physicians
Feinberg School of Medicine
Newsroom
Contact Us
Northwestern Medicine
menu
search
Search
Search
Clear field
search
Cancel
Find Doctors
location_on
Locations Near You
Main navigation
Doctors
Locations
Conditions and Services
Patients and Visitors
HealthBeat
Clinical Research
Home
Related Reading
Translate
Spanish Content
Enfermedades y afecciones
Cirugías y procedimientos
Medicamentos
Videoteca
Recursos en Internet
Verificador de Síntomas
Spanish Content
Health Encyclopedia Explorer
Search health encyclopedia:
Browse A-Z Listings:
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
A-Z Listings
Contact Us
Conditions & Treatments
Adult Health Library
Allergy and Asthma
Arthritis and Other Rheumatic Diseases
Bone Disorders
Breast Health
Cardiovascular Diseases
Complementary and Alternative Medicine
Dermatology
Diabetes
Digestive Disorders
Endocrinology
Environmental Medicine
Eye Care
Gynecological Health
Hematology and Blood Disorders
Home Health, Hospice, and Elder Care
Infectious Diseases
Kidney and Urinary System Disorders
Liver, Biliary, and Pancreatic Disorders
Men's Health
Mental Health Disorders
Nervous System Disorders
Non-Traumatic Emergencies
Oral Health
Orthopaedic Surgery
Otolaryngology
Pathology
Pediatrics
Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
Plastic Surgery
Pregnancy and Childbirth
Prostate Health
Radiology
Respiratory Disorders
Skin Cancer
Spine, Shoulder, and Pelvis Disorders
Surgical Care
Travel Medicine
Women's Health
Pediatric Health Library
Adolescent Medicine
Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology
Blood Disorders
Burns
Cardiology
Care of the Terminally Ill
Child and Adolescent Mental Health
Child Having Surgery
Craniofacial Anomalies
Common Childhood Injuries and Poisonings
Dental and Oral Health
Dermatology
Diabetes Endocrinology
Digestive and Liver Disorders
Ear, Nose, and Throat
Eye Care
Genitourinary and Kidney Disorders
Growth and Development
High-Risk Newborn
High-Risk Pregnancy
Infectious Diseases
Medical Genetics
Neurological Disorders
Normal Newborn
Oncology
Orthopaedics
Pregnancy
Respiratory Disorders
Safety and Injury Prevention
Transplantation
Tests and Procedures
Cardiovascular
Gastroenterology
Gynecology
Lab Tests
Neurological
Orthopaedic
Pulmonary
Urology
Prevention Guidelines
Children Ages 0-2
Children Ages 2-18
Men Ages 18-39
Men Ages 40-49
Men Ages 50-64
Men Ages 65+
Women Ages 18-39
Women Ages 40-49
Women Ages 50-64
Women Ages 65+
Patient Education
Health Centers
Asthma
Understanding Asthma
Pulmonary Tests & Procedures
Controlling Asthma Triggers
Managing Your Asthma
Asthma and Other Conditions
For Your Family
Cancer
About Cancer
Cancer and Genetics
Cancer Test and Procedures
Cancer Diagnosis
Cancer and Nutrition
Cancer Treatment
Cancer Treatment Side Effects
Living With Cancer
Specific Cancers
Children and Cancer
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
What is COPD?
Pulmonary Tests & Procedures
Managing Your COPD
Preventing COPD
Diabetes
Understanding Diabetes
Types of Diabetes
Complications of Diabetes
Managing Diabetes
Diabetes and Your Family
Heart Disease
Understanding Heart Disease
Cardiac Tests & Procedures
Heart Conditions and Diseases
Women and Heart Disease
Diabetes and Heart Disease
Congenital Heart Disease
Cardiac Rehabilitation
Managing Heart Disease
Preventing Heart Disease
Neuroscience
About the Brain and Nervous System
Neurological Tests and Procedures
Neurological Conditions and Diseases
Alzheimer's Disease and Memory Disorders
Headaches
Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases
Understanding Rehabilitation
Children & Neurological Conditions
Obesity and Bariatric Surgery
Understanding Obesity
Obesity and Health Problems
Treating Obesity
Bariatric Surgery
Lifestyle Changes
Childhood and Obesity
Orthopedics
Basic Anatomy
Orthopedic Tests and Procedures
Orthopedic Conditions and Disorders
Arthritis and Rheumatic Disorders
Osteoporosis
Fractures
Sports Injuries
Preventing Injuries at Work
Orthopedic Conditions and Children
Pregnancy & Newborns
Preparing for Pregnancy
Your Changing Body
Your First Trimester
Your Second Trimester
Your Third Trimester
Pregnancy Tests and Procedures
Healthy Pregnancy Lifestyles
Pregnancy Complications
Labor, Birth, and Postpartum
Your Newborn Baby
When Baby Needs Special Care
Feeding Your Baby
Drugs, Herbs & Supplements
Drug Interaction Checker
Drug Search
Drug Search by Physical Description
Herbs, Vitamins & Supplements
Amino Acids
Herbs
Minerals
Vitamins
Other
All
Nutrition & General Wellness
Healthy Recipes
By Dietary Considerations
By Food Category
Nutrition Facts
Wellness Library
At Work
Behavior
Dental
Diseases & Conditions
Fitness
Injuries & Emergencies
Nutrition
Parenting
Prevention
Safety
Today's Medicine
Weight Control
Your Body
Your Family
Children's Health
The Healthy Child
Children and Healthcare
Emotions and Behavior
Age-Specific Concerns
Parenting
Men's Health
In Good Health
Health Issues
Sexual Health & Reproduction
Sports Injuries
Older Adults
Living Better, Living Longer
Eating Well, Staying Fit
Prevention, Self-Care, and Safety
Using Medications
Health Concerns: Head to Toe
Long-Term Planning
For the Caregiver
Home Health and Hospice Care
Women's Health
A Woman's Journey
In Good Health
Women's Health Issues
News Center
Focus on Health
Health News
Newsletters
Cancer Awareness
Chronic Condition News
For Your Child
Heart Care
Men's Health
Women's Health
Healthy Living
Back and Neck Care
Back and Neck Basics
Causes of Back and Neck Pain
Keeping Your Back Healthy
Dealing With Back Pain
Preventing and Treating Neck Pain
Back Pain and Pregnancy
Blood Pressure
Blood Pressure Basics
Eating Healthier
Getting Exercise
Losing Weight
Managing Stress
Quitting Smoking, Limiting Alcohol
Taking Medication
Cholesterol
Understanding Cholesterol
Eating Healthy
Managing Weight
Getting Exercise
Breaking Bad Habits
Taking Medication
Fitness
Why Fitness Matters
Get Started
Get Moving
Stay Motivated
Make Time for Fitness
Improve Your Health
Children & Teens
Women
Older Adults
Mental Health
During Life's Journey
Common Conditions
Support and Stability
Nutrition
Nutrition Basics
Healthy Practices
Nutrition and Health Conditions
Children and Teens
Pregnant Women
Smoking Cessation
Facing Up to Smoking
Planning Your Quit Strategy
Taking the Big Step
Staying Smoke-Free
Teens and Smoking
Smoking During Pregnancy
Stress Management
Understanding Stress
Keys to Managing Stress
Stress on the Job
Stress and Family
Weight Management
Call to Action
About Weight Loss
Nutrition
Exercise
Behavior
Related Health Issues
Children and Teens
Tools & Multimedia
Calculators
Quizzes
Risk Assessments
Symptom Checker
Video Library
Documents relating to:
Even Without Concussion, Athletes' Brains Can Change After Head Jolts: Study
Related Items
News
5 Healthy Steps to Lower Your Odds for Alzheimer's
9/11 First Responders Have Higher Odds for Alzheimer's: Study
A Better, Safer Way to Rid Some Kids of Seizures?
A Good Workout Could Boost Your Thinking for Up to 2 Hours
A Promising New Therapy Against OCD?
ACL Surgery Can Do Real Damage to Your Brain: Study
After COVID-19 Exposure, When Can Young Athletes Resume Play?
AHA News: Diabetes, Alzheimer's Together Might Increase Stroke Severity
Anxiety Might Speed Alzheimer's: Study
Any Mask Containing Metal Could Cause Burns During an MRI, FDA Warns
Aphasia Affects Brain Similar to Alzheimer's, But Without Memory Loss
Arguing Taxes the Brain Much More Than Agreement, Scans Show
As People Age, They Share Fewer Memories With Others: Study
As Testing Costs Rise, Neurology Patients May Skip Screening
Baby's Sleep Issues Could Sometimes Signal Autism: Study
Bike-Sharing Gets Commuters Out of Cars: Study
Blacks, Hispanics More Likely to Have Better Outcome After 'Bleeding' Stroke
Blood Pressure Spikes at Night May Spell Trouble for Brain
Blood Test May Reveal Concussion Severity With Accuracy of Spinal Tap
Brain Cancer Research Could Help Dogs -- and the Humans Who Love Them
Brain Hemorrhage Won't Stop This Teen From Voting
Brain May Age Faster After Spinal Cord Injury
Brain Plaques Signal Alzheimer's Even Before Other Symptoms Emerge: Study
Brain Waves Offer Insight Into Sleep Struggles That Accompany Autism
Brain, Nervous System Affected in 1 in 3 Cases of Severe COVID-19
Brain's Iron Stores May Be Key to Alzheimer's
Check Early and Often for Glaucoma
Childhood Lead Exposure Tied to Brain Changes in Middle Age
Children Use Both Sides of the Brain to Understand Language
Concussion Can Lead to Vision, Balance Problems in Young Kids
Concussion Ups Odds for Many Brain Conditions
Could Gene Therapy Stem the Damage of Parkinson's?
Could Sleep Apnea Put You at Risk for Alzheimer's?
COVID-19 Survival Declines When Brain Affected: Study
Cuddling Brings Two Minds Together, MRI Study Reveals
Daily Aspirin Won't Stop Dementia, Study Finds
Dance Injuries Jump in United States
Delirium May Be Only Sign of Severe COVID in Elderly: Study
Diabetes, High Blood Pressure Raise Odds of COVID Harming Brain
Diets Rich in Fruits, Veggies Could Lower Your Odds for Alzheimer's
Dirty Air Might Raise Your Odds for Dementia
Does Size Matter? Volume of Brain Area Not Always Tied to Memory, Thinking
Don't Be a 'Hot-Head': Study Suggests Head Overheating Impairs Thinking
Doorway Study Reveals How Anorexia Changes 'Body Awareness'
Drug May Boost Thinking Skills in People With Advanced MS
Dual Method May Boost Accuracy of Prostate Cancer Diagnosis
Each Day Sober Slowly Helps Alcoholics' Brains Recover
Early School Sports Reduce ADHD Symptoms Years Later for Girls
ER Visits for E-Scooter Injuries Nearly Double in One Year
Even a Little Activity Keeps Aging Brains From Shrinking, Study Shows
Even Without Concussion, Athletes' Brains Can Change After Head Jolts: Study
Fewer Painful Procedures Could Help Preemies' Brain Development: Study
First Good Evidence That Brain Hits 'Replay' While You Sleep
Gene Test Might Spot Soccer Players at High Risk for Brain Trouble
Gene Variation May Protect Against Alzheimer's: Study
Get Dizzy When Standing Up? It Could Be Risk Factor for Dementia
Get Fit in Middle Age to Boost Your Aging Brain
Get Moving, Seniors: It's Good For Your Brain
Greenhouse Gases Bad for Your Brain
Gut Immune Cells May Play Key Role in MS
Healthier Heart, Better Brain in Old Age
Healthy Heart in Your 20s, Healthier Brain Decades Later
Hearing Persists at End of Life, Brain Waves of Hospice Patients Show
Heart Screening of Young Athletes Is Cost-Effective
Helmetless Bikers Ride 'Donorcycles,' Organ Transplant Experts Warn
High-Tech 'Exoskeleton' Can Give Mobility Back to People With MS
HIV Can Travel From the Brain, Animal Study Suggests
Hormones May Explain Greater Prevalence of Alzheimer's in Women
How Are 'Super Agers' Protected From Alzheimer's and Mental Decline?
How Ritalin Works in the Brain
Key Areas of the Brain Triggered in Recent Heart Attack Survivors
Lab Discovery Offers Promise for Treating Multiple Sclerosis
Lasting Spikes in Blood Pressure While Exercising Could Be Unhealthy Sign
Long Periods in Space Alter Astronauts' Brains
Many Moms-to-Be Are Stressed, and it Might Affect Baby's Brain
Maria Shriver and AARP Take on Alzheimer's in Women
Mastering the Violin Won't Help Your Child Master Math: Study
Mediterranean Diet Might Lower Your Odds for Parkinson's
Middle-Age Obesity Linked to Higher Odds for Dementia
Mindfulness May Ease the Emotional Burden of MS
Moms' Obesity May Affect Fetal Brain Development
More Aggressive Surgery Can Extend Survival From Brain Cancer: Study
More Education May Slow Start of Early-Onset Alzheimer's
Most Knee Cracking Is Normal, Expert Says
MRIs Might Be Safe for Patients With Implanted Heart Devices
Music Classes Strike a Chord in Kids' Brain Development: Study
Nearly Half of Teens Get Behind the Wheel Shortly After a Concussion
Nerves May Play Important Role in Autism
New Drug Could Extend Life for People With ALS
New Drug May Beat Older One at Preventing MS Relapse
New Insights Into How COVID-19 Damages the Brain
New Research Links Another Gene to Alzheimer's Risk
'No Recollection:' Woman Has Sudden, Unexplained Episodes of Memory Loss
One-Time Treatment Eases Parkinson's -- in Mice
Paddles Against Parkinson's: Ping Pong Might Ease Symptoms
Pandemic Silver Lining: Steep Drop in Kids' Fractures
Playing Football at Young Age Doesn't Slow Concussion Recovery in College
Police Use of Neck Restraint Never Medically Appropriate, Neurologists Say
Psychedelic Drug Eases Cancer Patients' Distress Long Term
PTSD May Be Tied to Greater Dementia Risk
Put the Brakes on Driving After a Concussion
Rare Disease Put This Young Mom in a Coma for 7 Months
Ready to Resume Sports? Health Tips for Getting Back in the Game
Recovery From Mild Brain Trauma Takes Longer Than Expected: Study
Researchers Zero in on Alzheimer's Disease Risk Factors
Rugby Injuries Last Long After Pros, Amateurs Stop Playing: Study
Scans Reveal How COVID-19 Can Harm the Brain
Screen Time for Tiniest Tots Linked to Autism-Like Symptoms
Shorter COVID Quarantine for College Athletes a Good Idea, Study Finds
Sleep Builds the Brain in the Early Years, Then Maintains It
'Smell Training' Might Speed the Sense's Return After COVID
Smog Harms Women's Brains, But One Food May Help Buffer the Damage
Smoking Raises Aneurysm Risk for Women
Smoking Ups Your Risk of a Fatal Brain Bleed
Some NFL Players May Be Misdiagnosed With Brain Disease: Study
Special Helmets, Safety Training Prevent Head Injuries in Youth Football: Study
Staying Social Can Boost Healthy 'Gray Matter' in Aging Brains
Stroke, Confusion: COVID-19 Often Impacts the Brain, Study Shows
Study Ties Brain Inflammation to Several Types of Dementia
Sudden Obsessions, Tantrums: What Is PANS in Kids?
Targeted Microwaves Probably Caused U.S. Embassy Illnesses: Scientists
Terrifying Delirium Can Strike Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients
Too Much or Too Little Sleep Bad for Your Brain
'Tough Guy' Mentality Keeps Athletes in Denial About Pain
Type 2 Diabetes Linked to Worse Mental Outcomes After Stroke
Under 50 and Overweight? Your Odds for Dementia Later May Rise
Unseen Factors Help Us Find Lost Objects Faster: Study
Vaping May Addle the Adolescent Brain
Wearable 'Brain Stimulator' May Boost Stroke Recovery
What Loneliness Looks Like in the Brain
What Parents Need to Know About Teens and Concussions
What Puts You at High Risk of Midlife Mental Decline?
When Dementia Harms Speech, Native Language Matters
Why Do Girls Take Longer Than Boys to Recover from Concussions?
Will a Jolt of Java Get Your Creative Juices Flowing?
Will Your Brain Stay Sharp Into Your 90s? Certain Factors Are Key
Will Your Kid Play School Sports This Fall? Here's Some Guidance on Doing It Safely
Wristband 'Zapper' Might Help Calm Tourette Syndrome
Young-Onset Parkinson's May Start in the Womb, New Research Suggests
Zika May Have Damaged More Infants' Brains Than Expected
Zika Virus Tied to Profound Developmental Delays
Contact Our Health Professionals
Request Appointment
Find Doctors
Find Locations
Follow Us
Copyright © The StayWell Company, LLC. except where otherwise noted.
About The StayWell Company, LLC.
arrow_backward
Close mobile menu
Mobile navigation
Home
Doctors
Locations
Conditions and Services
Patients and Visitors
HealthBeat
Academics
MyChart
Careers
Pay a Bill
Financial Assistance
For Physicians
Northwestern Medicine Newsroom
Contact Us